Expression of biomarkers connected to endocrine disruption in Cottus gobio and Salmo trutta fario in relation to sewage treatment plant-efflux and pesticides

The increasing efflux on a large scale of organic contaminants holding endocrine disrupting activity from sewage treatment plants produces detrimental biological effects to various fish species. However, the impact small-scale plant-efflux in small river streams and narrow creeks is largely unknown. Extensive pesticide output especially vineyards orchards also causes adverse system wildlife species inhabiting nearby rivers. To elaborate whether populations areas interest were at risk experiencing disruption, we identified different biomarkers related disruption Cottus gobio Salmo trutta fario applied this approach selected Austrian freshwater pre post permanent cultures with extensive South Tyrol. Overall, mRNA expression levels vitellogenin, estrogen receptor α zona pellucida genes fish, compared control population reared under constant conditions laboratory significantly increased. Sewage-treatment plant did not affect while use pesticides altered C. . S. display expression. Cadmium copper concentrations liver tissues varied but indicate significant contamination. Our results demonstrate presence chemicals tested streams. We anticipate our study be starting point for further studies focusing individuals populations. Especially fact that two reveal highly when applying biomarker approaches which can useful tool monitoring projects risk-assessment associated studies.